英文句型文法整理

年紀大了常常忘記英文句型文法，故整理記錄一下小抄，需要時可以偷看複習一下。裏面內容會慢慢增加，主要從句子的解析為主。

(1)基本句型：
1.S+V：
   It never rains in California.
2.S+V+O：
   Why don't you answer me?
3.S+V+C：V為連綴動詞(解釋為「是」或「...是」)。
   The box feels heavy.
4.S+V+O+O：此兩個O是指不同事物。
   He told his guests a dirty joke at the party.
5.S+V+O+C：此O、C是指同一事物。
   I consider you a member of the family.

(2)名詞子句：
1.完整單句外加無意義連接詞that，代表「那件事」。
2.疑問句改裝，不加連接詞，代表「那個問題」，其中whether有時可用if代替。
3.名詞子句的位置就是放在句子中名詞的位置(主詞、受詞、補語、同位格)。
4.主詞位置：
  (a)That he didn't show up on time is strange.
  (b)It is strange that he didn't show up on time.
5.受詞位置：
  (a)The defendant said that he didn't do it.
6.補語位置：
  (a)The car is ruined. The important thing is that we're all right.
7.同位格位置：
  (a)The story that he once killed a man might just be true.
  (b)I am afraid that I can't help you.
8.疑問句改裝的名詞子句：
  (a)I know who you are. 
  (b)When the bomb will go off is anybody's guess.
9.Whether和if：
  (a)I can't tell (whether/if) he's telling the truth or not.
  (b)Whether the stock market will improve or not is impossible to say now.
  (c)The treatment will be decided by whether the tumor is malignant or not.